Typography is the craft of endowing human language with a durable visual form, and thus with an independent existence. (...) Typography remains a source of true delight, true knowledge, true surprise.

Robert Bringhurst, The Elements of Typographic Style

九月 4, 2010

Cisco

(No comments)

Cisco 642-243 认证题库

642-243 UCCES统一联络中心企业支持
考试编号:642-243
时间:75分钟(40-50题)
可用语言:英语
注册网站:Pearson VUE

Passquick 642-243 认证题库
Unified Contact Center Enterprise Support Exam
科目编号 : 642-243
题库名称 : Unified Contact Center Enterprise Support Exam
考题数目 : 44 Q&As
更新时间: 2010-09-03

Passquick IT认证考试专家提供CCNP、CCNA 、CCDA、CCDP、Cisco MCSE、MCDBA、MCSD、OCP 最新认证考试题库,保证你购买我们的考题大师后一次通过认证考试,在您购买Passquick考题大师3各月内,我们及时提供最新的试题升级,让你购买我们的考题大师后,轻松通过考试。

下载642-243认证考试题库

相关认证题库:642-741  642-964  642-274  642-243 

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八月 30, 2010

Cisco

(No comments)

Cisco考试代码: 642-067
考试名称: Advanced Routing and Switching for Field Engineers

Cisco是由网络领域著名的厂商–Cisco公司推出的。是互联网领域的国际权威认证。思科认证有CCNA、CCDA、CCNP、CCDP、CCSP、CCIP、CCVP、CCIE(又分为针对路由和交换;语音;存储网络;安全;电信运营商)等多种不同级别、不同内容、不同方向的各种认证。

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七月 15, 2010

Cisco

(No comments)

思科公司简介
1984年12月,思科系统公司在美国成立。1986年,思科第一台多协议路由器面市,1993年,世界上出现一个有1000台思科路由器连成的互联网 络,思科系统公司也从此进入了一个迅猛发展的时期。目前互联网上近80%的信息流量经由思科系统公司的产品传递。思科已经成为毋庸置疑的网络领导者。思科 系统公司目前在全球拥有35000多名雇员,2004年的营业额超过220 亿美元。

产品与服务
Cisco Systems, Inc. 思科系统公司是全球领先的互联网设备供应商。它的网络设备和应用方案将世界各地的人、计算设备以及网络联结起来,使人们能够随时随地利用各种设备传送信 息。思科公司向客户提供端到端的网络方案,使客户能够建立起其自己的统一信息基础设施或者与其他网络相连。
思科公司提供业界范围最广的网络硬件产品、互联网操作系统(IOS)软件、网络设计和实施等专业技术支持,并与合作伙伴合作提供网络维护、优化等方面的技 术支持和专业化培训服务。
思科的总部位于美国加利福尼亚州的圣何塞,在马萨诸塞州的Chelmsford和北卡罗来纳州研究三角园(Research Triangle Park)的分部负责思科公司部分重要的业务运作。

640-802 考试是 Cisco 公司的 Cisco Certified Network Associate 认证考试官方代号,Cisco Certified Network Associate 认证作为全球IT领域专家 Cisco 640-802 考试资讯,是许多大中 IT企业选择人才标准的必备条件。

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下载640-802免费考题
1. What are two reasons a network administrator would use CDP? (Choose two.)
A. to verify the type of cable interconnecting two devices
B. to determine the status of network services on a remote device
C. to obtain VLAN information from directly connected switches
D. to verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails
E. to obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device
F. to determine the status of the routing protocols between directly connected routers
Answer: DE

2. A network administrator is explaining VTP configuration to a new technician. What should the network administrator tell the new technician about VTP configuration? (Choose three.)
A. A switch in the VTP client mode cannot update its local VLAN database.
B. A trunk link must be configured between the switches to forward VTP updates.
C. A switch in the VTP server mode can update a switch in the VTP transparent mode.
D. A switch in the VTP transparent mode will forward updates that it receives to other switches.
E. A switch in the VTP server mode only updates switches in the VTP client mode that have a higher VTP revision number.
F. A switch in the VTP server mode will update switches in the VTP client mode regardless of the configured VTP domain membership.
Answer: ABD

3. Before installing a new, upgraded version of the IOS, what should be checked on the router, and which command should be used to gather this information? (Choose two.)
A. the amount of available ROM
B. the amount of available flash and RAM memory
C. the version of the bootstrap software present on the router
D. show version
E. show processes
F. show running-config
Answer: BD

4. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true about the loopback address that is configured on RouterB? (Choose two.)
A. It ensures that data will be forwarded by RouterB.
B. It provides stability for the OSPF process on RouterB.
C. It specifies that the router ID for RouterB should be 10.0.0.1.
D. It decreases the metric for routes that are advertised from RouterB.
E. It indicates that RouterB should be elected the DR for the LAN.
Answer: BC

5. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true about interVLAN routing in the topology that is shown in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
A. Host E and host F use the same IP gateway address.
B. Router1 and Switch2 should be connected via a crossover cable.
C. Router1 will not play a role in communications between host A and host D.
D. The FastEthernet 0/0 interface on Router1 must be configured with subinterfaces.
E. Router1 needs more LAN interfaces to accommodate the VLANs that are shown in the exhibit.
F. The FastEthernet 0/0 interface on Router1 and Switch2 trunk ports must be configured using the same encapsulation type.
Answer: D

相关考试:
642-983 Cisco Data Center Unified Computing Support Specialist

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七月 15, 2010

Cisco

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思科系统公司(Cisco Systems, Inc.),是互联网解决方案的领先提供者,其设备和软件产品主要用于连接计算机网络系统。

Cisco认证体系
思科认证构架师(Cisco Certified Architect ,CCA)
CCIE 思科认证网络专家 (Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert)
CCDE思科网络设计专家级别(Cisco Certified Design Expert)
CCNP 思科认证资深网络工程师(Cisco Certified Network Professional)
CCDP 思科认证资深设计工程师(Cisco Certified Design Professional)
CCIP 思科认证资深互联网工程师(Cisco Certified Internetwork Professional)
CCSP 思科认证资深安全工程师(Cisco Certified Security Professional)
CCVP 思科认证资深语音工程师(Cisco Certified Voice Professional)
CCNA 思科认证网络工程师(Cisco Certified Network Associate)
CCDA 思科认证设计工程师(Cisco Certified Design Associate)

从80年代开始,迅猛发展的IT技术在二十多年的时间里彻底的改变了这个世界。人们开始习惯于生活中无处不在的网络:从现金购物到信用卡消费,从面 对面的交易到网上订单,从阅读报纸杂志到浏览网页……等等,网络以其巨大的推动力颠覆了传统,人们开始以全新的方式工作、学习甚至生活、娱乐。

* 科目编号:642-892
* 科目名称:Composite Exam
* 考题数目:314 Q&As
* 更新日期:2010-07-15
* 价 格 :¥ 413.00

部分考题:
1. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
A. All six routes will be installed in the routing table.
B. Two routes will be installed in the routing table.
C. Four routes will be installed in the routing table.
D. All the routes were redistributed into BGP from an IGP.
E. All the routes were originated by BGP with the network command.
Answer: CD

2. Refer to the exhibit. EIGRP has been configured on all routers in the network. What additional configuration statement should be included on router R4 to advertise a default route to its neighbors?
A. R4(config)# ip default-network 10.0.0.0
B. R4(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
C. R4(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
D. R4(config-router)# default-information originate
Answer: A

3. If a metric is not specified for routes that are redistributed into OSPF, the default metric that is assigned to the routes is 20, except for redistributed BGP routes. What is the metric that is assigned to redistributed BGP routes?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 10
D. 200
Answer: B

Composite Exam 认证作为全球IT领域专家 Cisco 热门认证之一,是许多大中IT企业选择人才标准的必备条件。 如果你正在准备 642-892 考试,为 Cisco Composite Exam认证做最后冲刺,又苦于没有绝对权威的考试真题模拟, TestInside 希望能助你成功。

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相关考试:
050-696 Foundations of Novell Open Enterprise Server NetWare

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一月 27, 2010

Cisco

(No comments)

642-901 Exam
Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks
科目编号:642-901
科目名称:Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks
考题数目:247 Q&As
更新日期:2010-1-27

Exam : Cisco 642-901
Title : BSCI – Building Scaleable Cisco Internetworks

1. Into which two types of areas would an area border router (ABR) inject a default route? (Choose two.)
A. the autonomous system of a different interior gateway protocol (IGP)
B. area 0
C. totally stubby
D. NSSA
E. stub
F. the autonomous system of an exterior gateway protocol (EGP)
Answer: CE

2. If no metric is specified for the routes being redistributed into IS-IS, what metric value is assigned to the routes?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 10
D. 20
Answer: A

3. Which three restrictions apply to OSPF stub areas? (Choose three.)
A. No virtual links are allowed.
B. The area cannot be a backbone area.
C. Redistribution is not allowed unless the packet is changed to a type 7 packet.
D. The area has no more than 10 routers.
E. No autonomous system border routers are allowed.
F. Interarea routes are suppressed.
Answer: ABE

4. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is true about the 6.6.6.0/24 prefix?
A. If another path advertises the 6.6.6.0/24 path and has the default  local preference, that path is more preferred.
B. The command neighbor send-community is configured on BGP neighbor 10.10.23.3.
C. The route 10.10.23.3 is not being advertised to other BGP neighbors.
D. Route 6.6.6.0/24 is learned by an IBGP peer.
Answer: B

5. If a metric is not specified for routes that are redistributed into OSPF, the default metric that is assigned to the routes is 20, except for redistributed BGP routes. What is the metric that is assigned to redistributed BGP routes?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 10
D. 200
Answer: B

6. Refer to the exhibit. Which three statements accurately describe the result of applying the exhibited route map? (Choose three.)
A. The map prohibits the redistribution of all type 2 external OSPF routes with tag 6 set.
B. The map prohibits the redistribution of all type 2 external OSPF routes.
C. The map redistributes into EIGRP all routes that match the pfx prefix list and the five metric values40000, 1000, 255, 1, and 1500.
D. The map prohibits the redistribution of all external OSPF routes with tag 6 set.
E. All routes that do no match clauses 10 and 20 of the route map are redistributed with their tags set to 8.
F. The map permits the redistribution of all type 1 external OSPF routes.
Answer: AEF

7. Refer to the exhibit. EIGRP has been configured on all routers in the network. What additional configuration statement should be included on router R4 to advertise a default route to its neighbors?
A. R4(config)# ip default-network 10.0.0.0
B. R4(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
C. R4(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
D. R4(config-router)# default-information originate
Answer: A

8. What are the two reasons for the appearance of 0.0.0.0 as the next hop for a network in the show ip bgp command output? (Choose two.)
A. The network was originated via redistribution of an interior gateway protocol into BGP.
B. The network was defined by a static route.
C. The network was originated via a network or aggregate command.
D. The network was learned via EBGP.
E. The network was learned via IBGP.
Answer: AC

相关热门科目: 000-432 ,1z0-213   ,  LOT-838    ,351-001

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一月 18, 2010

Cisco

(No comments)

分享 Pass4Side的Cisco 642-681权威考试题库:

642-681 Exam
Advanced Wireless LAN for System Engineers Exam
科目编号:642-681
科目名称:Advanced Wireless LAN for System Engineers Exam
考题数目:93 Q&As
更新日期:2010-1-18

1. The CiscoWorks Wireless LAN Solution Engine uses which protocol for radio management?
A. CCKM
B. LWAPP
C. SNMP
D. WLCCP
Answer: D
2. Which two key features are unique to the controller-based feature set? (Choose two.)
A. fast secure roaming
B. rogue access point detection
C. access point participation in RF management
D. access point registration via digital certificate
E. dynamic RF control without a dedicated management platform
Answer: DE
3. The Newton manufacturing company has three facilities that are located in Columbia, South Carolina.
The corporate office is located in an 11-story building downtown. The R&D facility is located on the north
side of the city approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) from the corporate office in a five-story building. The
manufacturing facility is located approximately 6 miles (9.6 km) to the northwest of the corporate office. Line
of sight exists from the downtown office to all facilities. Users at the manufacturing plant require network
connectivity for file sharing and e-mail, while the users at the R&D facility require high-speed Internet
access with the ability to send large CAD drawings to the corporate office and large machine control files to
the manufacturing facility. Presently, the manufacturing facility is connected to the corporate office by a
64-kbps leased line, and the R&D facility is connected to both the corporate office and the manufacturing
facility by a dedicated T1 line. The company plans to add a second line of development at the R&D facility
within the next 60 days. The current T1 lines are at a constant 70-percent utilization rate. The current
projected lead time for installation of additional lines is 90 days if the current cable plant will support it.
A wireless bridging solution would provide which three benefits to the customer? (Choose three.)
A. rapid deployment
B. immunity to weather
C. increased bandwidth
D. guaranteed bandwidth
E. increased security
F. lower total cost of ownership
Answer: ACF
4. In a mesh network, what is the recommended hop-count limit of a mesh access point from its associated
root access point?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
Answer: B
5. How is a bridge group name used in a wireless mesh deployment?
A. It is used to retrieve the secret shared key.
B. It logically groups access points to avoid interference from neighboring mesh networks.
C. It is used as a password in communication preceding LWAPP.
D. It is used to join the outdoor mesh network with the controller mobility group.
Answer: B
6. The Cisco 3200 Series Mobile Access Router has integrated wireless support for which two
FCC-approved frequency ranges? (Choose two.)
A. 900 to 928 MHz
B. 2.400 to 2.4835 GHz
C. 4.940 to 4.990 GHz
D. 5.150 to 5.250 GHz
E. 5.725 to 5.825 GHz
Answer: BC
7. Which three wireless intrusion-prevention signatures are part of the standard signature set provided by
the Wireless LAN Controller? (Choose three.)
A. ad-hoc network detection
B. rogue network detection
C. rogue access point detection
D. deauth flood detection
E. fake access point detection
F. NetStumbler detection
Answer: DEF
8. A customer has a small remote site with 10 standalone access points. In which two of the following
scenarios would it be appropriate to implement CiscoWorks WLSE Express? (Choose two.)
A. EAP-Cisco Wireless (Cisco LEAP) security is required and an external AAA server is available.
B. EAP-Cisco Wireless (Cisco LEAP) security is required and no external AAA server is available.
C. EAP-FAST security is required and no external AAA server is available.
D. EAP-FAST security is required and an AAA server is available.
E. MAC authentication is required and no external AAA server is available.
F. MAC authentication is required and an external AAA server is available.
Answer: BC
9. What is the Cisco-recommended limit of standalone access points to be managed by a CiscoWorks
WLSE 1130-19 with RF management enabled?
A. 1000
B. 1500
C. 1800
D. 2500
Answer: C
10. What is the maximum number of access points that a high-end Cisco WCS server can support?
A. 500
B. 1000
C. 1500
D. 3000
Answer: D

相关热门科目:HP0-648           70-281           HP0-M15           E22-310

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一月 18, 2010

Cisco

(No comments)

642-812 Exam
Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks
科目编号:642-812
科目名称:Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks
考题数目:227 Q&As
更新日期:2010-1-18

Exam : Cisco  642-812
Title : BCMSN – Building Converged Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks

1. Refer to the exhibit. What is the effect on the trust boundary of configuring the command mls qos trust cos on the switch port that is connected to the IP phone?
A. Effectively the trust boundary has been moved to the IP phone.
B. The host is now establishing the CoS value and has effectively become the trust boundary.
C. The switch is rewriting packets it receives from the IP phone and determining the CoS value.
D. The switch will no longer tag incoming voice packets and will trust the distribution layer switch to set the CoS.
E. RTP will be used to negotiate a CoS value based upon bandwidth utilization on the link.
Answer: A

2. Which statement about the Lightweight Access Point Protocol (LWAPP) is true?
A. LWAPP encrypts control traffic between the AP and the controller.
B. LWAPP encrypts user traffic with a x.509 certificate using AES-CCMP.
C. LWAPP encrypts both control traffic and user data.
D. When set to Layer 3, LWAPP uses a proprietary protocol to communicate with the Cisco Aironet APs.
Answer: A

3. Which statement is true about IP telephony calls?
A. A Voice over IP (VoIP) packet consists of the voice payload, IP header, TCP header, RTP header, and Layer 2 link header.
B. The voice carrier stream uses H.323 to set up, maintain, and tear down call endpoints.
C. Call control signaling uses Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets that contain actual voice samples.
D. The sum of bandwidth necessary for each major application, including voice, video, and data, should not exceed 75 percent of the total available bandwidth for each link.
Answer: D

4. Which statement is true about RSTP topology changes?
A. Any change in the state of the port generates a TC BPDU.
B. Only nonedge ports moving to the forwarding state generate a TC BPDU.
C. If either an edge port or a nonedge port moves to a block state, then a TC BPDU is generated.
D. Only nonedge ports moving to the blocking state generate a TC BPDU.
E. Any loss of connectivity generates a TC BPDU.
Answer: B

5. Which three WLAN statements are true? (Choose three.)
A. A lightweight AP receives control and configuration from a WLAN controller to which it is associated.
B. A WLAN client that is operating in half-duplex mode will delay all clients in that WLAN.
C. Ad hoc mode allows mobile clients to connect directly without an intermediate AP.
D. Another term for infrastructure mode is independent service set (IBSS).
E. The Aironet 1230 access point is an example of an access point that operates solely as a lightweight access point.
F. WLANs are designed to share the medium and can easily handle an increased demand of channel contention.
Answer: ABC

6. Refer to the exhibit. What is the effect when the switchport priority extend cos 3 command is configured on the switch port interface connected to the IP phone?
A. Effectively, the trust boundary has been moved to the PC attached to the IP phone.
B. The computer is now establishing the CoS value and has effectively become the trust boundary.
C. The IP phone is enabled to override with a CoS value of 3 the existing CoS marking of the PC attached to the IP phone.
D. The switch will no longer tag incoming voice packets and will extend the trust boundary to the distribution layer switch.
E. RTP will be used to negotiate a CoS value based upon bandwidth utilization on the link.
Answer: C

7. Refer to the exhibit. Switch S1 has been configured with the command spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst. Switch S3 has been configured with the command spanning-tree mode mst. Switch S2 is running the IEEE 802.1D instance of Spanning-Tree. What will be the result?
A. IEEE 802.1w, and IEEE 802.1s are compatible. IEEE 802.1d is incompatible. Switches S1 and S3 will be able to pass traffic between themselves. Neither will be able to pass traffic to Switch S2.
B. Switches S1, S2, and S3 will be able to pass traffic between themselves.
C. Switches S1, S2, and S3 will be able to pass traffic between themselves. However, if there is a topology change, Switch S2 will not receive notification of the change.
D. IEEE 802.1d, IEEE 802.1w, and IEEE 802.1s are incompatible. All three switches must use the same standard or no traffic will pass between any of the switches.
Answer: B

8. Refer to the exhibit. Switch S2 contains the default configuration. Switches S1 and S3 both have had the command spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst issued on them. What will be the result?
A. Switches S1 and S3 will be able to exchange traffic but neither will be able to exchange traffic with Switch S2
B. Switches S1, S2, and S3 will be able to pass traffic between themselves. However, if there is a topology change, Switch S2 will not receive notification of the change.
C. Switches S1, S2, and S3 will be able to pass traffic among themselves.
D. IEEE 802.1D and IEEE 802.1w are incompatible. All three switches must use the same standard or no traffic will pass between any of the switches.
Answer: C

相关热门科目:E22-250            A00-201           A01-250             050-718

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一月 16, 2010

Cisco

(No comments)

640-802 Exam
Cisco Certified Network Associate
科目编号:640-802
科目名称:Cisco Certified Network Associate
考题数目:289 Q&As
更新时间 : 2010-1-16

640-802 考试是 Cisco  公司的 Cisco Certified Network Associate 认证考试官方代号,pass4side 的 640-802 权威考试题库软件是 Cisco 认证厂商的授权产品,pass4side 绝对保证第一次参加 640-802 考试的考生即可顺利通过,否则承诺全额退款!

Exam : Cisco 640-802
Title : Cisco Certified Network Associate

1. Refer to the exhibit. What could be possible causes for the “Serial0/0 is down” interface status? (Choose two.)
A. A Layer 1 problem exists.
B. The bandwidth is set too low.
C. A protocol mismatch exists.
D. An incorrect cable is being used.
E. There is an incorrect IP address on the Serial 0/0 interface.
Answer: AD

2. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true about interVLAN routing in the topology that is shown in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
A. Host E and host F use the same IP gateway address.
B. Router1 and Switch2 should be connected via a crossover cable.
C. Router1 will not play a role in communications between host A and host D.
D. The FastEthernet 0/0 interface on Router1 must be configured with subinterfaces.
E. Router1 needs more LAN interfaces to accommodate the VLANs that are shown in the exhibit.
F. The FastEthernet 0/0 interface on Router1 and Switch2 trunk ports must be configured using the same encapsulation type.
Answer: DF

3. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true about the loopback address that is configured on RouterB? (Choose two.)
A. It ensures that data will be forwarded by RouterB.
B. It provides stability for the OSPF process on RouterB.
C. It specifies that the router ID for RouterB should be 10.0.0.1.
D. It decreases the metric for routes that are advertised from RouterB.
E. It indicates that RouterB should be elected the DR for the LAN.
Answer: BC

4. What are two benefits of using VTP in a switching environment? (Choose two.)
A. It allows switches to read frame tags.
B. It allows ports to be assigned to VLANs automatically.
C. It maintains VLAN consistency across a switched network.
D. It allows frames from multiple VLANs to use a single interface.
E. It allows VLAN information to be automatically propagated throughout the switching environment.
Answer: CE

5. Which two locations can be configured as a source for the IOS image in the boot system command? (Choose two.)
A. RAM
B. NVRAM
C. flash memory
D. HTTP server
E. TFTP server
F. Telnet server
Answer: CE

6. What are two reasons a network administrator would use CDP? (Choose two.)
A. to verify the type of cable interconnecting two devices
B. to determine the status of network services on a remote device
C. to obtain VLAN information from directly connected switches
D. to verify Layer 2 connectivity between two devices when Layer 3 fails
E. to obtain the IP address of a connected device in order to telnet to the device
F. to determine the status of the routing protocols between directly connected routers
Answer: DE

7. Before installing a new, upgraded version of the IOS, what should be checked on the router, and which command should be used to gather this information? (Choose two.)
A. the amount of available ROM
B. the amount of available flash and RAM memory
C. the version of the bootstrap software present on the router
D. show version
E. show processes
F. show running-config
Answer: BD

8. A network administrator is explaining VTP configuration to a new technician. What should the network administrator tell the new technician about VTP configuration? (Choose three.)
A. A switch in the VTP client mode cannot update its local VLAN database.
B. A trunk link must be configured between the switches to forward VTP updates.
C. A switch in the VTP server mode can update a switch in the VTP transparent mode.
D. A switch in the VTP transparent mode will forward updates that it receives to other switches.
E. A switch in the VTP server mode only updates switches in the VTP client mode that have a higher VTP revision number.
F. A switch in the VTP server mode will update switches in the VTP client mode regardless of the configured VTP domain membership.
Answer: ABD

相关热门认证考试:

310-011 MB5-537 190-836 000-997
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一月 5, 2010

Cisco

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Cisco认证 总结CCNA 640-802重难点

路由器必须为各种主动路由协议单独维护一张路由表因为每个主动路由协议都采用不同的寻址方案(如IP6,IPv6和PIX)。

    发送路由更新包的协议叫主动路由协议(如RIPv1,RIPv2,EIGRP和OSPF)。

    默认时,路由器不会转发任何广播包或组播包。

    如果需要的话,路由器可以提供第二层桥接功能;并可以通过同一个接口同时进行传送。

    路由器可以为特定类型的网络流量提供服务质量(Qos)。

    数据链路层提供数据的物理传输。使用硬件寻址方式。

    在路由过程中,数据包本身永远不会被改变,只是被它所需要的控制信息进行封装,以便正确传输到不同的介质类型上。

    透明网桥

    阻止广播风暴在互联网络中传播的唯一办法是使用第3层设备——路由器。

    半双工以太网(使用一对电缆线)——典型的为10BaseT——只有30%~40%的效率。

    全双工以太网(使用两对电缆线)——理论上全双工方式下的10Mb/s以太网得到20Mb/s的传输速率。200%的效率。

    除了集线器外,其他设备都可以运行全双工。

    全双工模式下不会有冲突域。

    主机的网卡和交换机断口必须能够运行在全双工模式下。

    IEEE 802.3标准

    三类电缆线

    V.35接口用于串行连接到WAN。

    为了实现通信并交换信息,每一层都使用协议数据单元PDU,它们通常被附加到数据字段的报头中,但也可以附加在数据字段的报尾中。

    从高到低PDU的表示segment–packet–frame–bit

    传输层使用端口号来定义虚电路和上层的进程。

    传输层接收数据流,将它组合成段,并通过创建虚电路来建立可靠的会话。然后它将每个段排序(编号),并使用确认技术和流量控制(SYN,Windowing等)。

    数据段:源端口,目的端口。

    数据包:源IP,目的IP,协议。

    frame:目的MAC,源MAC,Ether-字段(描述数据包来自哪个协议),FCS(只校验错误并不改正)。

    比特流:0,1序列。

    Cisco的三层模型

    核心层(Core):骨干

    分配层(Distribution):路由

    接入层(Access):交换

    核心层的设计:

    高可靠性。考虑采用对速率和冗余都有利的数据链路层技术,比如FDDI,Fast Ethernet(带有冗余的链路),设置ATM。

    低延迟。

    选择收敛(Convergence)时间短的路由协议。如果路由表收敛慢的话,快速的和有冗余的数据链路连接就没有意义了。

    分布层是实现网络策略的地方。

    分布层的设计:

    工具的实现。比如访问表,包过滤和排序。

    网络安全和网络策略的实现。包括地址转换和防火墙。

    重新分配路由协议。包括静态路由。

    在VLAN之间进行路由。以及其他工作组所支持的功能。

    定义广播域和组播域。

更多Pass4side 640-802 题库信息分享:http://www.pass4side.cn/640-802.html

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十二月 29, 2009

Cisco

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640-802 Exam
Cisco Certified Network Associate
科目编号:640-802
科目名称:Cisco Certified Network Associate
考题数目:288 Q&As
更新时间: 2009-12-28

选择 Pass4Side 640-802 题库
640-802 考试是 Cisco 公司的 Cisco Certified Network Associate 认证考试官方代号,pass4side 的 640-802 权威考试题库软件是 Cisco 认证厂商的授权产品,pass4side 绝对保证第一次参加 640-802 考试的考生即可顺利通过,否则承诺全额退款!

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